This paper explores the dynamics of territorialism in the present-day nation-state governmentality across the world. The spatial dimension in any historical narrative always tends to be aligned with linearity, but as this critical excavation approaches, it will try to find out the conflicts and individual accounts across the boundaries and territories and where they stand in the context of space and spatiality? These conflicts and tension present in the memories and lived experiences have been later well reflected in post-independence as well as in partition narratives in Indian English. The exploration in this paper aims to find out the cracks and fissure of this dilemma and dichotomy pertinently present in the empirical history and nation state’s idea of geographical and physical territory and sociological idea of lived territory (includes lived experiences of citizens which by conditioning and acculturing them gives concrete idea of state, border, nation and political nationalism) all in a flux and jeopardy with ever-shifting momentum and is never restricted to any fixed notion of governmentality, territorial dominant ideologies and equilibrium subjecthood of postcolonial subject. In its course, this paper studying the Indian socio-political scenario, adjusts the lens of territorialism amidst the issues of partition and colonial hangover; and tries to address it from the angles of memory, loss and diasporic emotions. Amitav Ghosh’s post-partition novel The Shadow Lines is at the centre of attention in this following analytical writing, as it justifies the tradition and reason of territorial issues in Indian writing in English. The novel, by dealing with memories of three generation migrants (directly and indirectly) constantly shift through different national identities as their own experiences coalesce and contradict with nation archives, oral narratives and historical records.

Satyajit Ray, apart from being an esteemed director and novelist was also a prolific short story writer, but, unfortunately, unlike his novels, his short stories are not considered as a part of the Bengali literary canon. Nevertheless, much like his novels, most of his short stories fall under the category of detective fiction, a genre, that he had mastered. However, similar to the short stories available in the Western canon, especially, the American canon, there are some tales in Ray’s repository of short stories that revolve around enigmas and riddles which produce an uncanny effect. The uncanny can be defined as the uneasy feeling, distinguished from horror, generated by the emergence of a familiar thing that had been repressed. The aim of this paper is to locate and interpret the sources of uncanny in Ray’s “Fritz” and “Anukul”.

Abstract: Nature comprises an important domain of literature. Reading systematically any text from the aspect of nature centered approach, is known as ecocriticism, a distinctive branch of literary criticism appearing since the late 1970s. Ecocriticism is a systematic and interdisciplinary study of the relationship between literature and environment with a view of spreading consciousness of the man-made environmental exploitation and damage for the greater sake of humanity. Ecocritics explore human attitudes toward the environment as expressed in text or writing on the natural world. Like the ecocritics, Kamala Markandaya (1924-2004) was greatly concerned with Nature as well as environmental damage. An ‘eco-conscious’ writer, Markandaya deals with the environmental issues in her maiden novel Nectar in a Sieve (1954) if looked from the lens of ecocriticism. The present paper attempts to examine Markandaya’s Nectar in a Sieve from the ecocritical perspectives and it aims at projecting how the novelist represents within the fictional canvas the interface between the human life and the natural world and how the environment is challenged and its aftermath on the rural life, and finally the author’s attitude towards the environmental loss on the wake of rural industrialization in modern India.

In speech production, no segment within connected speech can have its surface output in isolation. Rather, the input necessarily undergoes moderations through close interactions with the adjacent/neighbouring segments. In speech, the discrete, invariant unit (input) gets obscured with overlapping boundaries at both the articulatory and acoustic levels. Coming down to the word domain, it is universal that vowels interact with each other (V-to-V interaction) even across consonants that often can act upon the vowel gestures (C-to-V interaction). While vowels have global gestures, consonants have local ones. But, since gesture may be both articulatory (time-based) and acoustic (formant-based), the intersegmental interaction can be manifested through some overlap that is pivotal to coarticulation (CoA). It can be defined as an overlap between the global (vocalic) and local (consonantal), or even between articulatory gestures of vowels. This interaction can take place even at the phonological level, e.g. when betrayed through feature spreading. Coarticulation models and theories that have evolved in the last 60 years try to define the nature of this transition from the discrete input to the variability of articulation of an output. This paper is a critical review of these recent models dealing with the variable, indiscrete outputs at the production level. CoA is such a complex phenomenon with different aspects like articulation, acoustics, time, gesture, feature etc., that any single theory or model fails to capture. It is an attempt to look into the incompleteness and inadequacies of these models that point out the need for a composite CoA model. [250 Words]

Ulgulaan: A Revolt against Environmental Exploitation By Sandip Kumar Mishra Headmaster Karanjee Subhas Bidyabhaban Abstract The present paper is an attempt to study the ecological implications of Ulgulaan as discovered in the famous novel by Mahasweta Devi named Aranyer Adhikar. The Adivasi people like Kol, Vil, Santhal, Munda, Ho, Sabar are being exploited by the so-called civilized world in the name of development. They are bereft of their right to the forest which is essential for their very subsistence. They are stigmatized as the marginal and are forced to leave their natural habitat with the land, water, and forest. However the astonishing truth is that these people strive hard to keep up the ecological balance. They never exploit the natural environment; rather they fight against the environmental exploitation. The Munda people waged war against their exploiters through a revolt referred to as Ulgulaan. What is Hul to the Santhal, Ulgulaan is to the Mundas. The article explores the ecological implications of Ulgulaan as found in Devi’s immortal novel Aranyer Adhikar (Right to Forest). Keywords: Ulgulaan, Environmental exploitation, Birsa Munda, Forest.